`cvs`

Concurrent version-control system

Syntax:

cvs [ global_options ] cmd [ cmd_options ] [ args ]

Options:

The global_options are:

--allow-root=rootdir

Specify the legal CVSROOT directory (server only).

-a

Authenticate all communication (client only).

-b

Specify RCS location (CVS 1.9 and older).

-d root

Specify the CVSROOT.

On Windows, cvs checks for environment variables in this order:

HOME
HOMEDRIVE
HOMEPATH

If these are not set, you won't be able to access :pserver: repositories.

-eeditor

Edit messages with editor.

-f

Don't read the `~/.cvsrc' file.

-H --help

Print a help message.

-l

Don't log in CVSROOT/history file.

-n

Don't change any files.

-Q

Be really quiet.

-q

Be somewhat quiet.

-r

Make new working files read-only.

-s variable=value

Set a user variable.

-T tempdir

Put temporary files in tempdir.

-t

Trace CVS execution.

-v --version

Display version and copyright information for CVS.

-w

Make new working files read-write.

-x

Encrypt all communication (client only).

-z gzip-level

Set the compression level (client only).

CVS is a concurrent version-control system that you can use to keep track of source files. The cvs commands, command options, and command arguments are summarized below; for more information, see Version Management with CVS by Per Cederqvist et al.

`add`

add [options] [files...]

Add a new file or directory. The options include:

-k kflag: Set keyword expansion. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-m msg: Set the file description.

`admin`

admin [options] [files...]

Administration of history files in the repository. The options include:

-b[rev]: Set the default branch.
-cstring: Set the comment leader.
-ksubst: Set keyword substitution. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-l[rev]: Lock revision rev, or the latest revision.
-mrev:msg: Replace the log message of revision rev with msg.
-orange: Delete revisions from the repository.
-q: Run quietly; don't print diagnostics.
-sstate[:rev]: Set the state.
-t: Set the file description from standard input.
-tfile: Set the file description from file.
-t-string: Set the file description to string.
-u[rev]: Unlock revision rev, or the latest revision.

`annotate`

annotate [options] [files...]

Show the last revision where each line was modified. The options include:

-D date: Annotate the most recent revision no later than date.
-f: Use the head revision if the specified tag or date isn't found.
-l: Local; run only in the current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Annotate revision tag.

`checkout`

checkout [options] modules...

Get a copy of the sources. The options include:

-A: Reset any sticky tags/date/options.
-c: Output the module database.
-D date: Check out revisions as of date (is sticky).
-d dir: Check out into dir.
-f: Use the head revision if the specified tag or date isn't found.
-j rev: Merge in changes.
-k kflag: Use kflag keyword expansion. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-l: Local; run only in the current working directory.
-N: Don't shorten module paths if -d is specified.
-n: Don't run the module program (if any).
-P: Prune empty directories.
-p: Check out files to standard output (avoids stickiness).
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Checkout revision tag (is sticky).
-s: Like -c, but include module status.

`commit`

commit [options] [files...]

Check changes into the repository. The options include:

-F file: Read the log message from file.
-f: Force the file to be committed; disables recursion.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-m msg: Use msg as the log message.
-n: Don't run the module program (if any).
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r rev: Commit to rev.

`diff`

diff [options] [files...]

Show differences between revisions. In addition to the options shown below, diff accepts a wide variety of options to control output style, for example `-c' for context diffs.

The options include:

-D date1: Diff revision for date against working file.
-D date2: Diff rev1/date1 against date2.
-l: Local; run only in the current working directory.
-N: Include diffs for added and removed files.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r rev1: Diff revision for rev1 against the working file.
-r rev2: Diff rev1/date1 against rev2.

`edit`

edit [options] [files...]

Get ready to edit a watched file. The options include:

-a actions: Specify actions for temporary watch, where the actions argument is edit, unedit, commit, all, or none.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

`editors`

editors [options] [files...]

See who's editing a watched file. The options include:

-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

`export`

export [options] modules...

Export files from CVS. The options include:

-D date: Check out revisions as of date.
-d dir: Check out into dir.
-f: Use head revision if the tag or date isn't found.
-k kflag: Use kflag keyword expansion. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-N: Don't shorten module paths if -d is specified.
-n: Don't run the module program (if any).]
-P: Prune empty directories.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Checkout revision tag (is sticky).

`history`

history [options] [files...]

Show repository access history. The options include:

-a: All users (default is self).
-b str: Back to record with str in module/file/repos field.
-c: Report on committed (modified) files.
-D date: Since date.
-e: Report on all record types.
-l: Last modified (committed or modified report).
-m module: Report on module (repeatable).
-n module: In module.
-o: Report on checked out modules.
-r rev: Since revision rev.
-T: Produce report on all tags.
-t tag: Since tag record placed in history file (by anyone).
-u user: For user user (repeatable).
-w: Working directory must match.
-x types: Report on types, one or more of TOEFWUCGMAR.
-z zone: Output for time zone zone.

`import`

import [options] repository vendor-tag release-tags...

Import files into CVS, using vendor branches. The options include:

-b bra: Import to vendor branch bra.
-d: Use the file's modification time as the time of import.
-k kflag: Set default keyword substitution mode. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-m msg: Use msg for log message.
-I ign: More files to ignore (! to reset).
-W spec: More wrappers.

`init`

init

Create a CVS repository if it doesn't exist.

`log`

log [options] [files...]

Print out history information for files. The options include:

-b: List only revisions on the default branch.
-d dates: Specify dates (d1<d2 for range, d for latest before).
-h: Print only the header.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-N: Don't list tags.
-R: Print only the name of the RCS file.
-rrevs: List only revisions revs.
-s states: List only revisions with the specified states.
-t: Print only the header and descriptive text.
-wlogins: List only revisions checked in by specified logins.

`login`

login

Prompt for password for authenticating server.

`logout`

logout

Remove stored password for authenticating server.

`rdiff`

rdiff [options] modules...

Show differences between releases. The options include:

-c: Context diff output format (default).
-D date: Select revisions based on date.
-f: Use the head revision if the tag or date wasn't found.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r rev: Select revisions based on rev.
-s: Short patch -- one line per file.
-t: Top two diffs -- last change made to the file.
-u: Unidiff output format.
-V vers: Use RCS Version vers for keyword expansion (obsolete).

`release`

release [options] directory

Indicate that a directory is no longer in use. The options include:

-d: Delete the given directory.

`remove`

remove [options] [files...]

Remove an entry from the repository. The options include:

-f: Delete the file before removing it.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

`rtag`

rtag [options] tag modules...

Add a symbolic tag to a module. The options include:

-a: Clear the tag from removed files that would not otherwise be tagged.
-b: Create a branch named tag.
-D date: Tag revisions as of date.
-d: Delete the given tag.
-F: Move the tag if it already exists.
-f: Force a head revision match if the tag/date wasn't found.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-n: No execution of tag program.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Tag the existing tag tag.

`status`

status [options] files...

Display status information in a working directory. The options include:

-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-v: Include tag information for file.

`tag`

tag [options] tag [files...]

Add a symbolic tag to checked out version of files. The options include:

-b: Create a branch named tag.
-D date: Tag revisions as of date.
-d: Delete the given tag.
-F: Move the tag if it already exists.
-f: Force a head revision match if the tag/date wasn't found.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-n: No execution of tag program.
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Tag the existing tag tag.

`unedit`

unedit [options] [files...]

Undo an edit command. The options include:

-a actions: Specify actions for temporary watch, where the actions argument is edit, unedit, commit, all, or none.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

`update`

update [options] [files...]

Bring the work tree into sync with the repository. The options include:

-A: Reset any sticky tags/date/options.
-D date: Check out revisions as of date (is sticky).
-d: Create directories.
-f: Use the head revision if the tag/date wasn't found.
-I ign: More files to ignore (! to reset).
-j rev: Merge in changes.
-k kflag: Use kflag keyword expansion. See "Keyword substitution," below.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-P: Prune empty directories.
-p: Check out files to standard output (avoids stickiness).
-R: Operate recursively (default).
-r tag: Checkout revision tag (is sticky).
-W spec: More wrappers.

`watch`

watch [on|off|add|remove] [options] [files...]

For on/off, turn on/off read-only checkouts of files. For add/remove, add or remove notification on actions. The options include:

-a actions: Specify actions for temporary watch, where actions is edit, unedit, commit, all, or none.
-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

`watchers`

watchers [options] [files...]

See who's watching a file. The options include:

-l: Local; run only in current working directory.
-R: Operate recursively (default).

Keyword substitution

Keyword expansion modes:

-kkv: $Id: file1,v 1.1 1993/12/09 03:21:13 joe Exp $
-kkvl: $Id: file1,v 1.1 1993/12/09 03:21:13 joe Exp harry $
-kk: $Id$
-kv: file1,v 1.1 1993/12/09 03:21:13 joe Exp
-ko: No expansion.
-kb: No expansion; file is binary.

Keywords:

$Author: joe $
$Date: 1993/12/09 03:21:13 $
$Header: /home/files/file1,v 1.1 1993/12/09 03:21:13 joe Exp harry $
$Id: file1,v 1.1 1993/12/09 03:21:13 joe Exp harry $
$Locker: harry $
$Name: snapshot_1_14 $
$RCSfile: file1,v $
$Revision: 1.1 $
$Source: /home/files/file1,v $
$State: Exp $
$Log: file1,v $
Revision 1.1  1993/12/09 03:30:17  joe
Initial revision

Author:

Per Cederqvist et al, Version Management with CVS

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